Physical Activity and Wellness

Living conditions, technology and conveniences brought about by modernization, are making people less active on a daily basis. These changes, affect the health status of the people as the level of physical activity gradually decreases and consequently different health problems may occur. Regular exercise is the most effective method of protection from diseases. There is evidence in the literature about physical activity, cardiospiratory status, muscle strength, metabolic health and bone health. There is strong evidence that mortalities, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure, paralysis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, colon and breast cancer and depression are less common in more active individuals than in less active men and women. There is also strong evidence supporting a better cardiorespiratory and better level of muscular fitness in active individuals, a healthier and better body composition, effective cardiovascular disease and prevention of type II diabetes, and better bone health. It is also stated that regular physical activity with lifestyle modification plays an important role in preventing weight loss and reintroduction of given weight in obese individuals. Studies have shown that regular physical activity decreases the level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), while that of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) increases. As a result, studies in the literature report a linear relationship between physical activity and health status and draw attention to the protective effect of exercise in the prevention of diseases. It is possible to obtain health benefits by appropriately adapting physical activities to age.